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Living in a country where you have to speak a foreign language can cause serious social problems, as well as practical problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience. Nowadays, migration has become a trend among all nations. On one hand, people are interested in experiencing different cultures by moving to a foreign country. On the other hand, learning the language of destination country is a necessity that everyone who decide to migrate should to some extent fulfill it. Because, because without knowing their language people would face many problems in both social and practical aspect of life. In my view, one of the most crucial issue for living in a new place is to learn a new language. First, for almost every human being language is the most important way of communication, that is in use of language we can shape our social interactions with others. For instance, all of us express our feeling to our counterparts by means of words and from words they can understand us. When we could not speak the other`s language we will not be able to unleash ourselves and also to perceive themselves, the consequence is soon we will become socially isolated in a strange community. In addition, lack of knowledge about the foreign language could lead to a decline in foreign people`s opportunity to get a reasonable job that suits their social status. Unfortunately “language discrimination” occurs for them, that is an employer whose mother language is the same with the spoken language in the country would receive a higher position in a job als than a person who speak with accent. In conclusion, I believe that one of the most serious issues of living in a new country is to overcome the challenges of the language. People, who leave their homeland for a better life in another place, should always consider the language as a permanent challenge and try their best to cope with it.

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People think that those moving to a new country should accept the new culture in the foreign country. Others think that they should live as a separate minority group with different lifestyle. N owadays, development of transportation has led to being closer to each other. Some people try to move to another country for variant reasons. Some people argue the foreigners should obey the culture of the country where they live now. Reversely, some individuals assert they should be allowed to have their own culture. Some people believe when someone lives in a different country as a foreigner, they must follow the regulations. Besides, traditions may be forgotten due to new cultures are brought by aliens. Canada, Australia and USA are some countries where varieties of people with different cultures live together. Although everyone should respect the others’ cultures, it should not be against the laws. Had the government passed the bills about migration restriction, the foreigners would not have travelled excessively. Thus, this procedure could improve the unity. On the other hand, people who migrated to another country opine they have the right to have their own traditions. Not only should not anyone disrespect them but also the government ought to support their cultures. In addition, their cultures can be attractive for the others. For instance, Chinese New Year ceremony is a tourist attraction in some countries. However, minority foreigners have their own right to hold their traditions albeit with the permission of the authority. In conclusion, I personally believe all cultures should be respected otherwise some conflicts may occur. By contrast, the governmentshould monitor the situation lest someone shouldtransgresses the laws. Both minority and majority of beliefs should be revered. Plus, obeying the rules is the basic factor which everybody must do that.

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The government should allocate more funding to teaching sciences rather than other subjects in order for a country to develop and progress. To what extent do you agree? It is said that teaching sciences is received more preferences over other subjects in allocating budgets by authorities in order to developing and improving a country. I strongly believe that advancing in sciences not only it leads to a country development but also it can save much money than the allocated budgets by passing time. Science plays significant roll in the growth and prosperity of a country. in order to enhancing this growth, governments should assign a more portion of funds for teaching and developing sciences. To exemplify, fossil sources are gradually diminish due to the increasing in usages, which is why scientists are looking for renewable energy sources such as solar, marine, biogas energy and etc. For capturing these kinds of energy, a country’s experts have dedicated much effort and money on their studies. They have been modifying capturing approaches in order to increase the efficiency; therefore, it has costed enormous money for experiments, sets of equipment and guiding PhD students to reach this goal, and they will be continuing because the energy is a crucial matter. There are many other examples showing that our primarily needs including health and agriculture are relying on the improvement of sciences. Another important aspect of allocating more funding in teaching science rather than teaching other disciplines, is that sciences can prevent spending more money on vital problems in the future. If a country discover and predict the problems, they can reduce or omit the detrimental consequences which are costing lots of money. As a result, supporting sciences with adequate funding causes saving lots of fortune. For instance, finding a treatment for infectious diseases or inventing their vaccines not only does it prevents disease from spreading the disease but it also save a lots of money. To put in a nutshell, sciences are the key to success for developing a cummunity; thus ,teaching and supporting them with sufficient amount of funding must be much considered by countries tend to be prosperous. It does not mean that other disciplines such as art, humanity and history should be ignored, they are essential for a country developing as well and they usually cost less funding to develop.

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Nowadays food travels thousands of miles before reaching consumers. It affects the agriculture and economy of the destination country and for this reason people should prefer food produced by local farmers. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answers and include examples from your experience. Today thanks to modern facilities, people access difference types of foods from around the world. However, it seems that this blessing has caused some problems for local communities or the globe. Primarily, imported from distant locations, food escalates climate change and global warming problem. Transference of food needs to burn more fossil fuels and for keeping them in fresh and good shape we should consume more energy and keep them cool, ; the energy which usually comes from fossil fuel sources. However, when people have a tendency to consume local food products especially when these foods are supplied in the local market, a tremendous amount of greenhouse gases will be reduced. Secondly, it seems that local foods usually are fresher and healthier owing to complete process of growing and ability to track their sources. Some of the Imported foods especially vegetables and fruits are picked up unripe due to avoiding spoiling or mush. However, local ones can ripe naturally and therefore amounts of vitamins and minerals are more in them. Moreover, food traceability in area of food safety has a significant role and this process can be done easily about local food rather than foreign ones. Lastly, buying local food products will develop local economy and straighten local community ties. When people prefer local food, it will help farmers and food producers to develop their businesses and will decrease the unemployment rate. In addition, business interactions between local producers and customers in food markets is a factor or excuse for increasing communication between local residences while this interaction is extremely limited about overseas food producers and their buyers. In conclusion, it seems that except some food products that owing to geographical or technological limitations cannot be produced in any place, wecan produce our essential foods locally; just as the old days when we did not have many choices and fruits were not well-formed but they were much tasty.

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As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual well-being. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers? A relatively considerable proportion of our lives is spent at the workplaces. Thus, it is fairly important to feel pleasant at work and consequently in society as a positive member. There could be various factors to achieve acceptable amount of satisfaction, not all workers are expected to respond alike, though. Firstly, all human beings obviously demand appreciation, and their desires to be considered as an effective person in the community should not be neglected. Feeling what one is doing is valued from the superior point of view and has profound impact on one’s sense of usefulness. Secondly, introduced tasks to be worked on which require a reasonable amount of new trial and knowledge in comparison with the ever repeating tasks could fill the performers with the sense of progression, thereby climbing up the corporate ladder. The last but equally important factor is the sense of belonging that how others cooperate at workplace would raise this sense, as would a decent and close relationship among colleagues. All these factors, in theory, are likely to lessen the load of working, but one cannot have all that under the same roof. besides, not all human beings would feel contended with either the same elements or the same amount of them. Many a worker, especially in our society which is suffering from the terrible agitation, is barley having survival jobs only to earn a living, therefore how can we expect him to have contentment.? Overall, it is a public knowledge that the more contended contented the human resources are at work, the better society would be on hand, but still it must come into consideration that only when all needs of an individual are met, could the factors of job satisfaction be applicable.

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Is everyone entitled to free health care? Or should people pay for it? That eating unhealthy foods and having a sedentary lifestyle lead to people suffering from a variety of diseases is an irrefutable fact. This situation has sparked a heated debate among researchers. Some of them assume that the duty of providing individuals with a free system of curing their illnesses is directly incumbent on the government. By contrast, some others frown upon the aforementioned idea and assert that people should pay the cost of their body/physical health on their own. I, personally, mention that free curing sick members of the public should be provided for some citizens with a lower income. This short essay will elaborate on this contentious issue. First and foremost, sick people are prone to different stresses, hence their illness. That is why only when the government reduce the causes of anxiety, do they grow ensure about being capable of solving the problem of high costs of treatment. Further and even more importantly is associated with the tendency to tax evasion. Paying great sums of money to the hospital, individuals will be reluctant to paying tax. It means that in this way, citizens feel that the authorities treat them unfairly. On the other hand, researchers frowning upon the free health care facilities think that the government had better instead of allotting money to offering gratis health facilities, allocate the same amount of money to resolving other issues in society such as public transportation systems. On the whole, from my point of view, authorities would rather legislate some laws as to categorizing different strata of society based on their incomes and choose the lower income people for exposing to the free cure system.

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In Britain, when someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care. Who do you think should pay for this care, the government or the family? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Trying to overcome some of the problems of infinite in the way of living, our mothers and fathers from the beginning of the time went through the process of civilization and initiated to invent some concepts like government. In the meantime, the fact of aging is standing in front of every living thing and even non-living and as far as I am concerned, modern social-democratic societies is going to face this issue using some more social solution like government. Accordingly, from my point of view this is one of those area which governments should play the main role in. Firstly, I think this is fair enough to be paid back after a restless juncture of life which has been spent to work and doing social tasks. Actually due to the new forms of governments which rely on tax and duties, we can define a doubtless duty upon the governments to take care of those who worked and take their parts in social life one day. Moreover, their young children are defraying to the government their own income to solve some of these issues. Besides, putting more pressure on the youngsters who are the main positive motive of the social capital, is an unwise choice in order to amortize this incontrovertible mainspring of development. Secondly, some things are beyond the reasoning obviously like moral issues. Life will present itself to every single human-kind in the right moment. Simply, this day of an old man will be yours one day. Therefore, as a nobleman said, do whatever you expect from the others for you. Considering the simple fact that society is a human gathering to become more powerful. Maybe we cannot prevent the aging physically but compared to the ancient vulnerable jungle-man it seems that we can go one step further in civilization with protecting each other in hardship and try not to leave oldsters alone. To put it in a nutshell, I deeply go for this successful attitude either to support others or me myself. Both will be achievable through some kind of this processes which consist of macro structures like governments.

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Writing Task 2 Cambridge book 13 In some areas of the US, a “curfew” is imposed. In which teenagers are not allowed to be out of doors after particular time at night unless they are accompanied by an adult. What is your opinion about this? Curfew is a challenging issue that people all over the world discussed about it at least one time in their lifelong. Some people argue that it is an appropriate measure to impose a curfew for children after exact time at nights whilst others claim that it will limit children’s freedom. In this essay, we I will consider both attitudes toward this subject. Proponents of the curfew idea point out that this law is enforced for children not against them. Some children’s rights unions believe that it’s much more safesafer for children to not to go out late at night because there is an abuse possibility by drunkards and drug addicts people or even delinquents. Another significant reason is this rule hydrate hindersfrom being awake until midnight which helps to improve their life quality and improve their concentration during whentheir attended attending classes. On the other hand, another group of people claim that curfew will take children’s freedom to make a decision even for the initial subjects that affect their daily life. Moreover, this will impact their future lifestyle, some of them inclined to hanging around at late night when they grow up, just because there are deprived from this right in their childhood. Opponents of law, expect the government to provide more secure environments in society instead of putting the limitation for children. Based on my understanding from of the subject, I personally believe that it’s not fair to impose a limitation for on children. To makes a long story short I reckon that putting limitation in nowhere anywhere cannot work successfully. If there is a strategy behind government decision, it’s better to announce it vividly transparent and expect people to obey the rules by increasing public awareness toward/of the issue. To conclude, irrespective of the idea behind the curfew, some people support it while others reject this rule. Although maybe there would be some advantages for children by curfew but there is no proved reasons which show it is beneficial for children. It would be better if the government with the assistance of people created a peaceful and secure atmosphere in society to allow all people enjoy it and choose the propitious time of going out which best suits their personal life.

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Written by M.Torabi In some countries an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this option? Nowadays, the effects of eating too much fast food on health are not covered to anyone. With changing in the methods of our life and the ubiquity of fast food outlets, ignoring these foods contribution on our diet is impossible. Governments as the main responsible body of the health of their people, apply different strategies to tackle with this problem. Such as careful monitoring on foods ingredients, setting different health standards, educational programs, and even excise tax on fast food. The last item is very controversial and has its own supporters and opponents. The new strategy for fighting the spread of fast food may seem unrealistic due to the current era of business friendly policies from governments. In fact, a handful of countries in the world have tried it and some may argue that it may prevent economic growth or even increase the rate of unemployment. In addition, they count this policy as intervention to free people’s choice. But it is not such a crazy idea that it may seem like, say supporters, as well as evidences suggest it does have a positive impact on public health. They argue that the reason to use excise taxes is the expectation that manufacturers will pass on the increased costs by raising prices. So consumers may change their options or at least use fewer amounts of these foods. Moreover, the expenditure which is imposed on governments due to medical expenses is much higher than the profitability of these shops. In addition, the income from taxes can be used for therapeutic or educational goals. In conclusion, I think imposing a higher tax on fast food is a good way to curb rising rates of its usage. This is provided these types of financial policies must be accompanied by some suitable training programs. Therefore, an excise tax on fast food would be a legally viable and effective method for public health.

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In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.  What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them? It may not be a surprising subject in these and days that overweight is increasing among people in various countries. There are various views regarding the root cause for this trend and enough is said about the treatments and solutions to ward off the issue. This essay intends to elaborate on fast developing technology, readymade foods and some rare diseases as culprits. In different views solutions were given as some changes in the workplace and integral changes in staple foods. First reason that with no doubt had effect on overweight of the majority of population is development of technology in the world. Technology cause people to move and have Physical activities less than before. To elaborate more an example will be given. Employees are all day busy with their daily tasks and mostly do not give specific time for their sport and exercise. It is obvious that less activity may result in weight gain while receiving the same amount of energy. Now the question is “how to overcome it?”. First thing that can be done is that companies give a specific time for employees’ sport and physical activities. Second, employers can provide sport facilities for the employees to be used somewhere inside the workplace. For example, in a company where I work a dedicated sport trainer is hired to give stretching exercises during the working hours to employees. In addition, some companies give free facilities to their employees for gym or doing some sport activities. Second main rout case can be high consumption of fast foods which became a trend these days. In this fast pace life and work people tend to use snacks or fast foods and overlook the high calorie of them. To overcome this issue officials need to pay more attention to fast food consumption through encouraging development of healthier restaurants. Moreover, raising awareness can be initiated in the population and train the public to look for healthier foods. Last reason for increasing overweight may be some rare diseases, which in some cases does not have any clear solution. Some medications have this side effect which will cause weight gain which in most cases it is inevitable. To conclude, as mentioned above earlier three main reasons may justify the increasing trend of overweight, new technology, ready made foods and in somecases rare disease and the medication can be main causes of gaining weight. Few suggestions were also given for controlling these issues related to overweight.