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Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age? In many places it is common that the parents enroll their children when they those reach to the age of six or seven, while some parents tend to send them to school the public places like preschool at an early age. Although many parents believe that children at an early age are so vulnerable and leaving them in a new place with new people maybe threatens their child'sdevelopment., many psychological researches demonstrate the same resultsthat there are many advantages by that. Frist of all, children interact with their other peers so that their process of cognition highly develops. Similarly, their cooperation and social skills improve significantly, because they communicate with a lot of different people especially others their similar age. Therefore, they can cope with new situations and also socialize with strangers much easier than those who haven’t been in such kind of places at an early age. Another advantage of going to school at an early age is that parents use this time to discover children’s talents. If this time has been considered as an opportunity to educate the basic skills of the children with entertaining methods, those children would progress in many aspects of education and life as well. Not only do they play the games, but also they learn some simple and primary lessons to enhance their abilities to absorb the lessons in upper levels in school with less difficulty. As a matter of fact, it needs to be considered as a stepping stone in educational instruction. To sum up, attending schools from a the young age entails a huge volume of positive results. Many children still spend plenty of their time at home with parents. Instead, parents could benefit from of this time to invest for their future. AREFEH

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Designing a place for human being’s thoughts Abstract Humans think tank is a resort in order to review the human thought’s process. Thesis contemplation is consistsing of numerous fields and disciplines including the knowledge of epistemology which classifies human thoughts into five main categories containing philosophy, religion, art, science and mystic. In order to Due to achieve this purpose it’s important to take a deep look at affordances of architecture in each mentioned field. The method of this research is studying all of these classifications as well as all important theories. These theories broaden the knowledge over the field of Anthropology and the impact of spatial design on its responses. In philosophy, studies are based on the theories about the question “who am I i?”, whereas where as in religion is concerned with regarding to religious speculations about human destination in life especially in Islam (because most of Iranians are Muslims). In art, emphasis concentration is on surrealism because of its effects on humans' Unconscious to resist thoughts limitations which inflict human mind. Due to the same reasons mentioned for arts, in science we focus on psychology as well, and in mysticism we concentrate on most important theory in so-called Pantheism. The designed spaces include classrooms, galleries, library, discussion halls, speech hall, café, store, a main yard called thought yard and 5 yards named on the human knowledge fields for visitors to learn more about those categories. In in addition, it makes visitors think about them. The other main feature in this building is the entrance plaza which takes a role as a gateway for inviting people to a contemplative area.

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The exploration and development of safe alternatives to fossil fuels should be the most important global priority today. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Fossil fuels are still the main source of energy in the world. Because of Inasmuch as their limitation and associated environmental pollution, many efforts have been made done to replace them with clean energies. In this essay I will attempt to elaborate on fossil fuels dire consequences in order to explain why this subject should be a prime concern. First and foremost, it is crystal clear that global warming has become one of the controversial issues in the modern world. Excessive emissions of fossil fuels and pollutants lead to a significant increase in the increasing the amount of green house gases houses such as carbon dioxide and methane which absorb the heats that otherwise exit from the earth surface. Not only does it change the climate pattern, but also it causes degradation in the environment, deforestation and depletion of the ozone layer. In the second place, due to the fact that fossil fuels are the finite resources, it will be logical to consider some alternative energies which are neither pollutant nor in short supplyrestricted, such as wind, water and solar power. Hence, investment in developing the technologies for utilizing clean energy to avoid the probabley shortage of energy in the next generations is should be a must. Furthermore, despite the existence of other global problems such as poverty and war, the effects that stem from the emission of fossil fuels are potentially catastrophic. It will be result in natural disasters, rising sea levels and melting ice in the poles. As a consequence, this issue should become a priority in all over the world. In conclusion, due to the disastrous effects of unfettered too much consumption of fossil fuels, introducing alternative resources must become a global concern.

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Joblessnes Today one of the most major problems in this century especially in poor countries is are joblessness that is are bothering most of the people who in which live in these areas. Joblessness is one of the current concerns of economists around the world and they are always looking for finding solution for this complicated issue that involvesd most people in these countries. Before that scientists believed this is just financial or economic difficulties but in the coming years , they found that this is not only economic but also a social uphill , because joblessness leads to poverty , addiction and break down family that are common issues in these areas. But some countries could overcome with difficultiesy in these decades especially in south east Asia such as China china and South south Korea but for another part of the world the problem is still remains such as west Asia and Africa whose that their governments looking for finding the solution to get rid of this issue forever. Some economists believe that if the government of these countries would be able to raise people purchasing power buy power that will easily eradicate this uphill issue I strongly believe if these countries spread social security among the whole people, they will be able to overcome with this problem forever.

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Task: Last month you had a holiday overseas where you stayed with some friends. They have just sent you some photos of your holiday. Write a letter to your friends. In your letter:  Thanks them for the photos and for holiday.  Explain why you didn't write earlier  invite them to come and stay with you Dear Friends; I am writing to thank you for the lovely photos you sent me as well as (and also) your great hospitality during those two weeks. As I spent a quality time with you, my intimate friends, that holiday was my best pastime ever. It was a long time since we last met last and it was your kindness to arrange such a unique exciting time. I have to apologize for my late response as I had a quite a hectic period after that holiday. Not only was there a lot of backlog left over jobs, but also I went on a business trip for ten 10 days. I wish to invite you for friends over, So we will arrange it for next month when which there is a long bank holiday (approximately a 4 day holiday). I believe we can enjoy a lot in my city as there are many recreation centers and cultural places that might be of interest to you. I look forward to hearing from you soon for further arrangements. Best wishes, Sarvenaz Task: You have just moved into a new home and you are planning to hold a party. You are worried that the noise may disturb your neighbor. Write a letter to your neighbor. In your letter  introduce yourself  describe your plans for the party  invite your neighbor to come Dear Mr. Shams I am your new This is Bahram Ashrafi who is your new neighbor who . I am from in the unit next door and I am working as an engineer in a private company which is active in dams construction. When I bought this home I supposed it would be a good idea to invite my friends and relatives to celebrate this event. Thus, I am going to arrange to hold/throw a party at this weekend,8th of October,from 7:00 PM to 12:00 PM. I signed a contract with a catering in terms of preparing food and drinks besides music instruments, So I think it will be a noisy night for you, so I regret( apologize) in advance for any inconvenience which you will be faced with due to loud music. Hereby, I would like to invite you to my celebration and be grateful if you accept, as this can be a wonderful opportunity to make a relation. I look forward froward to seeing you here. Yours faithfully, Bahram Ashrafi

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Some people believe that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in future, such as those related to science and technology. Selecting a major to study at university has always been challenging both for students and their parents since it will most probably determine their career path and even the course of their future lives. The concerns around the issue becomes especially serious when parents and educationalists on one side and students on the other seem to have different perspectives on which majors are beneficial and which are not. To many pragmatists, science and technology are definite essentials of the modern life as opposed to arts and human sciences being merely fancy fields to wander around on, but who is really to say which is more advantageous? After obtaining their high school diploma, many students are left baffled as to what to pick to study at university. To ease the puzzlement, appropriate information must be provided for them regarding their unique individual strengths, talents and interests for sure. Being out of high school young and fresh many students have no factual information about working in real life. It is mainly the responsibility of parents and educators to give the prospective university students a touch of reality and inform them on what their choices are. They need to view the pros and cons of their favorite majors and ponder upon them without any pressure from outside. However, at the end it must be the student who makes the final decision as to what course to pick and definitely no one else. Those who are in charge of helping students picking their major should strongly avoid being biased towards one major or another because it will definitely do an irreplaceable harm to the future of the students as they might later regret the choice they were forced in to. Once it was believed that only technology and science were worth studying seriously at universities. However, , however, these days the majority of people especially youngsters agree that what you study doesn’t really matter as long far as you are enthusiastic about it and you try your utmost to be good at it. Being forced to study what your heart doesn’t go with will make you neither happy nor successful. With all the advancement of technology and science and the new robotic life style, expressing you individuality seems to be the only way out of the vicious circle of modern life and mass production which seriously lacks authenticity. Letting students decide about their future will make them more liable for the future of their society. I reckon it’s fair to say that there is no single way to success and prosperity in life for everyone. Therefore, , therefore each individual must be entitled to make a wise choice for their major at university and hence their future life.

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Politicians are more responsible for protection of the environment than individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Nature conservation has been considered as one of the significant concerns of humankind throughout recent decades. It is every body’s duty to help preserve ing the environment, although some people believe that it is up to statesmen to put a lot of effort into saving to save surroundings. Pondering the fact that politicians are able to enforce rules in order to protect the environment, critics assert that lawmakers could play a pivotal role in creating a framework for individuals which prepares the foundations of securing nature and reducing the greenhouse gases which are baneful to plants. In addition, they can establish long- term programs to guide people and help them to step through a logical plan to decrease the threat of civilization to the surroundings. Besides, it can contain some tips to encourage people to save their living environment and improve their behavior towards their surroundings. Furthermore, they can warn individuals of their destructive manner with their home planet. Putting the burden of preservation on the government’s shoulder, from my point of view and many others’, would not spare any individual’s obligation to protect the environment. Neither should they forget protecting Mother Earth mother earth, nor potential actions which intimidate the surrounding. For instance, people can start a cooperative cooperation correlation with government toward using biodegradable materials for packaging while politicians are preparing the essentials for availability of those materials for wide spread usage. In addition, individuals can manage to avoid dispersion of waste material especially long-lasting polymer-based ones in nature besides the persuasive acting of lawmakers to encourage people to clear the environment. In conclusion, protecting the surrounding is neither the solitary duty of individuals, nor the full obligation of politics. In my opinion, all of them must join together as one unique force to reduce the extraordinary nature pollution rate and to make it pure. H.Talebi

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TOPIC: It is important for children to learn the difference between right and wrong at an early age. Punishment is necessary to help them learn this distinction. To what extend do you agree or disagree whit this opinion? What sort of punishment should parents and teachers be allowed to use to teach good behavior to children? One of the most important stages in children's life is the ability of distinguishing right from wrong, which plays a great role in their parents' concern. In some cases, punishment could be helpful. I, personally, believe that, there are more appropriate ways which should would be considered to avoid punishment. To some extent the question depends on the way of punishment. Definitely physical or verbal punishment should not be considered as an effective method among a variety of them. Not only does it not help, but also it has negative effects on children's personality. Corporal punishment could lead to aggression, violence, a lower self-esteem and even bullying. Instead of harsh punishment, depriving them of their possession for a period of time, withholding reward and giving penalties could be more effective ways to deal with mistakes made done by children. Effective discipline helps children learn to control their behavior so that they act according to their ideas of what is right and wrong, not because they fear punishment. The other measure regarding this issue is the behavior of parents in confronted with their upbringing. Punishment and rewarding at the same time play a key role in training of children. Children need to be discouraged from making mistakes. However, they should be rewarded for doing something pleasant. To help a child learn the differences between right and wrong parents and teachers should provide an environment in which children become more familiar with the consequence of their manner and learn self-control. One of the crucial goals of school discipline is to teach students to behave in an acceptable way by contributinged to the educational success. In conclusion, imposing a punishment which fits the crime could be considered as the best practice in a good family upbringing. Influence of making them participate in community service social-care activity for instance is much better than punishment.

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Task: Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion? Education is going to be a controversial issue among individuals. While some believe that it is more beneficial for pupils to continue their education in certain majors, other assert that they students should have the liberty to choose their field of study. This essay will discuss both views, and presenting the author's view at the end. Some claim that as technology and science change the life-style, future belongs to them, so it is more beneficial to society to force students to follow their education in these fields. They believe that with by this attitude we will guarantee the next generation of inventors and scientists. Needless to say, there are many merits for individuals who are experts in these fields since there are a lot of job opportunities and demands for these kinds of employees. For instance, in many up-to-date factories labors are replaced by robots, so maintenance engineers and innovative scientists to create novel robots are in high demand. In spite of these arguments, opponents assert that students should have freedom in terms of choosing/selecting their major and they should attend to their desires. They claim that ability and enthusiasm are decisive factors in for being a skilful expert. For example, from a customs point of view, in my country many parents have make their kids continue their major in technical or scientific fields such as medicine medial course or engineering study, while children are not interested in these this subjects, thus we will have a lot of university students who are either frustrated or incapable of to completing terminate their study. As a conclusion, I strongly believe that students should be free to choose their future occupation since they know their strengths and weaknesses better than anyone else. Moreover, societies require teachers, artists and lawyers besides scientists and engineers.

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Some people feel unsafe either staying at home or going out. What are the possible reasons for this? What can be done to address this issue? (Situation/solution/effect) Since the inception of time, fear has been one of the most important concerns of all humans, which can be caused by several factors. In some people, fear and its consequences are more serious. But why is fear so strong in some people? One factor that can contribute to this trend has to do with traumatic experiences. There is this belief that which childhood events play a key role in one's life that will have a direct impact on future. Take death Death of a loved one as a clear example of this, which in turn contributes to a phobia and fear of death in adulthood. Apart from this, nowadays communities are faced with terrorist threats and ideological warmongering. Recent events in Paris are as a clear example of this threat, which in turn led to killings of many innocent people in downtown. One might ask how we can can we address this problem.? There is this belief that in the first step, individuals who are scared of something can use treatment methods such as drug therapy or speech therapy. No matter how serious a problem is, surely there exists a treatment for it. Take Psychotherapy as a clear example of this which develops therapy based on different methods. At the same time, governments of all nations should closely cooperate with each other to come up with a precise plan to prevent terrorist attacks. It's notable that media should avoid exaggeratione of events. To sum up, although a feeling of insecurity is caused by various serious various factors, I personally endorse that paying attention more to medical treatments and improvement of community safety are the two most significant factor indexes to reduce this trend. Needless to say we should hone/enhance empower our abilities to overcome barriers.