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When international media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements, and other TV programs) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion? We are living in a world where the mass media plays a pivotal role in converging different cultures to a common one, otherwise known as the New World Order. Many a person claims that this can have detrimental effects on weaker cultures leading them to sink into oblivion. When it comes to expansion of media and its impacts on individuals, I hold the idea that in spite of a variety of drawbacks, this can pave the way for broadening people’s horizons. This short essay elaborates my viewpoints about this hot debate. In this day and age, members of society in almost all parts of the world spend a good deal of their time on the mass media, hence the importance of the media. This certainly can have an indisputable impact on people’s mindsets more specifically on the youth. Being exposed by to the media, people rarely can remain untouched by the cultural effects the producers intend. A typical example can be the way a rock star appears in his concert, and the similar outfits his fans wear afterwards. Another positive point in expansion of the media is the free spread of different ideas across the globe. Listening to divergent ideologies for a long period of time by the international media, people from different social strata can become familiar with other cultural values. Without a shadow of a doubt, this can lead to many people choosing a better way to live compared to a monopoly which in most cases encourages extremism. Religious schools in some parts of the world where students are not allowed to have access to free media is a case in point where the authorities prevent students from free media. To cut a long story short, I believe the benefits of expanding the international media far outweigh its demerits. It is high time we spent time on the mass media thereby expecting our world to be a better place to live in. From my vantage point, only when we allow all people to talk freely can we spread peace across the world.

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These days our behaviour are is going to destroy the Earth. People’s reckless lifestyle have has been making causing a huge amount number of environmental problems such as losing particular species of plants and animals. This is one of the calamities That is disarranging the cycle of life. People believe that this problem is the most important one, but it’s absolutely not. We are living in a polluted and destroyed planet with far more issues for instance Global global warming or even plastic wastes. Co2 and some another kinds of chemicals keep the Sun's heat inside the Earth's atmosphere and do not let it go out so the Earth will be increasingly warmer/warmer and warmer. We can see the effects that where the glaciers of Arctic and Antarctic have been melting for years. so polar animals or it is better to say wildlife are endangered. Most people are leaving their plastic wastes all over the nature. They even don't divide trash in their houses. also some governments do not spend money and energy for reproducing plastics. Some of them even don't know that it's less expensive than produce producing new plastics. these types of wastes have polluted the environment and sometimes animals feed themselves with them and they will be die. We are living at an age/in an era wherein ages that plastics, which they are a part of our lives, is are producing produced every single day. also for transporting things goods/cargo faster we need to use fossil fuels that which obviously leads us to a lot of environmental problems. In this situation, we should learn and research more about these things and educate ourselves to prevent the Earth's issues. The Government can build introduce/make some laws and handle this crisis more excellentefficiently.

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You have been living in a rental apartment for the past year. Recently a new neighhour moved in and has been making a lot of noise, which disturbs you. Write a letter to the landlord. In your letter • explain the situation • describe why it bothers you • suggest a solution. Dear Mr. Thompson This is a letter to request you to take immediate action with regard to Mr. Harrison’s inconsiderate behavior and his incapability of avoiding making constant noise/ living in an apartment. If I am not mistaken, about two days ago, on in a brief chat that we shared, I informed you about the problem as to how Mr. Harrison, your new tenant, has caused us a great deal of annoyance. Since the first day he started to settle in, which I believe was march 15th, he has been disturbing us with his outrageously inappropriate behavior. Unlike your former renter Mr. White, who was a truly quiet neighbor, developing a strong friendship with other residents, Mr. Harrison happens to be a pet owner, and his dog abruptly barks in the middle of the night; so loud that my 4-year-old wakes up in great horror. He also seems to try hard to establish a reputation as the most hospitable person to his own friends. Every single night, he and his jovial friends burst and out singing and playing the guitar, not surprisingly late at night. You should also know Ms. Norton, as well as Mr. Green, is deeply concerned as they too have been deprived of a good night’s sleep, but it is I who am bearing the brunt of this disturbance. Therefore, I would like to inform you if a remedy to this situation is not forthcoming within the few days, I am afraid I will have no choice but to exercise my right to take this case to the court and declare a public nuisance. I am looking forward to your prompt reply in due course. Yours sincerely, Edward Scissorhands

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Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments and private companies should share their scientific discoveries with the rest of the world. Years ago, when governments were about to expand their effectiveness beyond their own borders, they realized that thisit could not be achieved but only through the companionship with the rest of the world. Sharing what they have attained in their governmental and private organizations with other countries has become of necessity in the modern world. While some believe that a country’s discoveries should not be accessible for to others, I think that it they should be because sharing is a chance for better improvements, it is a practice of peace and it is financially beneficial for all. First of all, every discovery is like a newborn baby which necessitates a developing process to become useable. There may be even a need for some special technologies for improving what a country have has discovered, resulting in them to provide providing such sources from countries who are rich in that field. For example, by finding a solution for curing a chronic disease, a country could use another country’s technologies for mass-producing a drug. Besides, scientists may face obstacles through their discoveries that by sharing their knowledge with other researchers in other parts of the world and through the consultation process improve their findings. Therefore, all these sharing discoveries may results in holding scientific congresses like annual worldwide conferences that by participating in themwhereby they can broaden their knowledge. Moreover, the world we are living in is threatened by dangers in many ways. The possibility of nuclear wars, mutations in viruses which can lead to a catastrophe and the rising number of radical thinkers demanded demands a global alliance more than any time in the history to prevent the world from dispersingcollapse. In health-related fields, some countries are more developed in producing medical equipment, enabling them to diagnose illnesses and body malfunction. When these new technologies are introduced to other countries, while it helps specialists to have a better understanding of diseases, it is also a nice kind gesture that shows a country’s good intention. As a result, by practicing this behavior the whole world would be a safer place. Finally, possessing some technologies can spark economic relationships with the rest of the world. The more scientific discoveries a country havehas, the better they can make money out of it. In addition, job opportunities are created when two country countries are involved in a trade. For example, by introducing the MRI machine, many other countries established companies to import these instruments for their own medical purposes. As a consequence, it is economically justified to become involved in such trading so that an increase in prosperity would occur. To sum up, I believe that scientific discoveries should be shared with the world. I suggest that countries hold more international meetings to introduce their discoveries because by sharing what they achieved scientists’ knowledge will deepen, the world becomes a safer place and a rise in the general welfare of societies occurs.

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Car ownership has increased so rapidly over the past thirty years that many cities in the world are now “one big traffic jam”. How true do you think this statement is? What measures can governments take to discourage people from using their cars? In the present century, cars have been set in motion to undergo a massive transformation of in people’s lifestyle. Unfortunately, inefficient management and budget allocation budget in transporting services have contributed to the tendency towards applying car ownership and causing terrible traffic all around the cities, although the situation could be addressed by some pragmatic approaches. Nowadays, the demand for car purchase has increased remarkably because it not only provides the opportunity for travelling long distances due to lack of public modes of transportfacilities, but also gives them a chance of self-control, convenience and a sense of pleasantpleasure. On the other hand, in some countries either the price of cars or gas usually are is affordable, so companies have been producing a vast amount number of them and keeping the trade in a perfect balance. Moreover, when the infrastructures and requirements for providing efficient public transportation are not arranged in a sufficient and comfortable way, people tend to use their own car while commuting regularly which can lead to severe urban congestion and other environmental and consequently health issues. However, governments should tackle the case with a range of measures. Generally, they can constitute include/comprise/consist of developing the road infrastructure such as broadening the highway capacity to mitigate the traffic jams and handle drivers transiting in peak hours or improving the public transportation network to facilitate the easy access as well as expanding adequate and well-designed ones including a comfort-zone for each person. For instance, by following the recent cutting-edge technology and investing in producing construction of high-speed subways in for a large/considerable distances people would be encouraged to change their style of travelling back and forth. In conclusion, by administering and fulfilling the effective methods for persuading people into not using their own vehicleproperties while transiting in rush hour, the struggling struggle with the issue of traffic jams would be alleviated to some extent/gradually.

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'Telecommuting' refers to workers doing their jobs from home for part of each week and communicating with their office using computer technology. Telecommuting is growing in many countries and is expected to be common for most office workers in the coming decades. How do you think society will be affected by the growth of telecommuting? In recent decades, new technological advances have revolutionized styles of working providing people with alternatives. A shining example of these facilities is telecommuting which has become extremely popular due to its benefits but we have to admit that it would cause difficulties as well. Nowadays in some companies office staff are allowed to work from their home through the Internet which benefits them and company managers on several grounds. To start with, employers will save the time spending spent in traffic jams to commute to their workplaces, . therefore, the amount of traffic congestion and air pollution in rush hours will diminish. Besides, some individuals such as disables special need individuals and single parents who have difficulties for leaving homes will enjoy the conveniences of this trend without being depriving deprived of pursuing their career. Moreover, the less fewer staff attend in the offices, the less overhead costs that a company has to pay for the utility consumptions and required facilities which helps company owners to reduce their expenditures. Despite the mentioned merits, this double-edged sword trend could adversely affect individuals’ personal and professional life. Working interacting as a team member, people could broaden their horizons by working closely with their counterparts and exchanging experiences and knowledge on the relevant issues. That gaining a wealth of experience is entwined with learning from others in a vibrant working atmosphere is an undeniable fact and by working remotely individuals will deny themselves from the numerous advantages of it. In addition, this kind of work culture brings down the office socialization. That is to say, the sense of integration will pale as a result of lack of face to face interactions which leads to social isolation and solitarysolitude/loneliness. In conclusion, telecommuting is one of the modern working cultures that eases the burden of hectic lifestyles life which has merits as well as demerits.