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Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? 1‐ Contradictory opinion, preferences, time for scrutinize , susceptible 2‐ mingle with friends and family, compromise, learn how to behavior more funny hours Traveling is one of the prime recreations of vast numbers of people in their leisure time. There is no doubt it is the rational solution for freedom of our hectic and sedentary lifestyle for a while. Some prefer to have a calm journey and without a companion and quite the contrary, others like to enjoy a proper friend or a family member to create unforgettable times. Were I to choose between the two options, I would will vote in favor of traveling solitarily. First and foremost, people have numerous tendencies and also different aims of traveling. In other words, there it is plausible that two peers and even siblings have diverse tastes and therefore, it may cause contradictory contradiction and negative impact on their relationships. Take museums and ancient places as an example. I myself am do not inclined to spend too much time in these archeological places. At the opposite ends end of the spectrum, not only does my sister derive pleasure from these mentioned places, also she devotes her time to scrutinize and read history of these sites. Consequently, two incompatible characters cannot be suitable companions for each other. Secondly, some time will be wasted in direction of coordination among a group of passengers. On the other hand, the biological system of persons and their program are various,. Therefore, we should dedicate significant time for planning, not to mention the fact that often we have just confined (limited) days for travelling. And last but not least, traveling with a friend or family, though less pleasant, has its own advantages like it is a convenient opportunity for revitalization of intimate relations. In addition, we learn how to compromise within with in a group to achieve a unanimous decision. Furthermore, creation of fun funny occasions and even have having common entertainments can create impressive memories. To put it in a nutshell, in my opinion traveling lonely can be a more efficient method, since we can dedicate our time based on our preferences. I would like to stress that traveling with a companion will be magnificent, if we want to have some time for regeneration of our relations. Some time Sometimes Sometime

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Today the majority of children are raised by their grandparents, due to the fact that their parents are busy working. To what extent do you think it affects the whole family? Nowadays we have witnessed a large number of children who have been reared by their grandparents. This sort of method is considered a popular and favorite way for most parents particularly for a the group who are deeply involved with their tasks in the workplaces and consequently do not have enough time for nurturing their children in the way that they would wish. First and foremost, caring for grandchildren has mutual benefits for both sides in which not only would children gain more attention in a peaceful and secure environment, but also either their grandmothers or grandfathers spend their time with their loved ones that is more likely to promote both their sense of usefulness and life spans. On the other hand, some experts educationalists believe that grand parents' nurturing might flaw the procedure consistency for that of children in such a way that in some cases it was were seen that children could not recognize the right way because of different approaches guidance. Furthermore, children would spend most of their times with their grandparents whom their waywhose way of upbringing is dated in most cases and is not proper for this rapidly changing world. We have a number of examples where that grandmothers use traditional ways for teaching the new generation which that would take a long time for educational experts to make amendments and prepare them for modern life. In conclusion, although there are lots of advantages to of getting assistance from grandparents, some other drawbacks such as inconsistency cannot be ignored. I, myself ,believe that despite the fact that involving others except parents old generation in bringing growing up the children might cause some problems, the advantages would outweigh disadvantages ,so with more parents's monitoring they would definitely benefit a lot from precious the experiences of old race in nurturing their children.

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In the past, many people had skills such as making their own clothes and doing repairs to things in the house, in many countries, nowadays, skills like these are disappearing. Why do you think this change is happening? How far is this situation true in your country? The old generations were taught many skills associated with meeting their basic needs like making garment. Whereas these days, thanks to industrialization of many countries and rapid revolutions in industry, many jobs have has grown specialized, hence obtaining a skill in them takes years of practice and even doing the various courses in educational centers. These days, most of us are involved in much competition over issues such as being admitted by better universities and finding a proper job suiting our personality and skills in order to reach a more comfortable life, in which case we have to put a lot of time and energy into honing our skills and knowledge with the aim of succeeding in such rivalries. As a result, it does not seem rational to allow allowing time to learning some old‐fashioned skills like clothes making weaving clothes which tend to be lowquality or repairing some devices in our home, whereas there have been many huge factories with massive financial and human resources producing a variety of goods from attire to a lot of products which are high‐tech technology with high quality and reasonable prices. My country is moving toward industrialization and much many unnecessary training has faded and the majority of people prefer to assign their time and energy to other activities like hardly serious studying for passing university entrance exams the entrance of universities' examination. Therefore, they have become more dependent/dependant on prepared commodities existing in the shops to satisfy their needs. To sum up, some upheavals/revolutions like industrialization have an enormous effect on our lifestyle and we have to adapt ourselves themselves to these changes every day more than before.

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Convenience foods will become increasingly prevalent and eventually replace traditional food and traditional methods of food preparation. To what extent do you agree with this option? Traditional foods were very popular in all countries in the past. In contrast, fast food and convenience food eating has become popular is increased eventually nowadays and are available in every places. The causes for replacing of the traditional food with convenience food are a lot, so that some of them are rational and compatible with new modern life style necessities, but . But extensive consumption feeding of convenience food may have some harmfulness. Already men and women had different roles in daily life. Men did had done works outside the home and women had responsibilities just inside the home. Because of that women had a lot of time to cook delicious food and present it. By contrast, nowadays women and men must have jobs outside the home to pay for their life costs. In the other words, they do not have not any time for cooking in the kitchen. Restaurants attempt to increase their income, so they use unhealthy unsuitable raw materials/ingredients in their kitchens. For example in food frying they use oil frequently rather than just once one time or they may not don't use of fresh material in their meals mails. Some restaurants may use of harmful ingredients to attract customers. Fast food is are yummy, but in actuality it does not hasn't enough vitamins or proteins for our body. On the contrary, traditional meals mails are full of them and are healthier than convenience food or they have improved in terms of quality. In consequence, convenience food is a key method of food preparation that is necessary in our new life style but cooking of the traditional food shouldn't be omitted from in our daily chores. They are an important aspect of our culture and social life and without the nutritious nutrient food our healthy would be in danger.

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Some people believe that fast food industry is destroying the health, family eating timings and environment. Do you agree / disagree. Give your opinion and examples. One of the consequences of industrializing industrialization is the unbelievable growth of people's tendency to eat fast food to the extent that this change in eating habits has affected other aspects of human lives. Critics of fast food industry cite that the more the tendency to use fast food among people, the bigger more distance will arise between them and their traditional foods. In addition, the proportion of fat in these types of foods are is higher than normal limits and continuous using of them will result in health problems and high fat levels correlated with diseases. Besides, there is a lot of the waste which have been made by some fast food centers such as their packaging plastics which are not biodegradable materials and they will last in the environment and infects it for years and years. On the other hand, many people believe that fast foods are their leeway running ways from boring daily cooking and an easy solution for the lack of time they are challenging. Furthermore, some of these foods are not as unhealthy as others such as various kinds of salads and side dishes which in some cases might take the place of a complete dietary dish for those whom suffer from over‐weight and want to strike a balance in their whole day eating program. From my point of view, although fast foods have some benefits in time management for those who have a compact daily schedule, the negative worse effect of eating more fast foods such as various types of full‐fat burgers and pizzas on those whom are more dependent is obviousnot negotiable, and the adverse impression effects/impact of the waste which has have been made for packing these foods is not covered to anyone. Therefore, I think there must be more informing advertisements that awaken people and lead them to control and manage their eating habits and daily dishes. In a nutshell, among all drawbacks and adverse effects of the fast food industry people's health and environment's intactness limpidity condition, I believe its benefits are not numerous have no more blaze and people must be encouraged have be encourage to use more home‐made and traditional food.

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Many people like to wear fashionable clothes. Why do you think this is the case? Is this a good thing or a bad thing? Nowadays tendency of putting on more fashion clothing has an increasing trend and more people are trying to wear products of well‐known brands of costume designers/producers and spend a lot on their outfits. There were always rich people which who they have enough money to buy costumes of famous brands at of any price and this is just like a habit for them, whereas the majority of people are suffering from financial problems, and some of them are trying to be following/keeping up with on the flow of fashion and sacrificing other aspects of their lives on their clothing/attire coverings. Although many say good names in the garment cloth industry always use the best materials for producing their merchandise, many others believe that consumers can buy goods of the same quality and longevity at on lower prices which those are not of famous names. From another point of view, the public's prejudice is based on people's outfits and proponents of pursuing the fashion insist on the tremendous effect of the first look on any meeting, especially on job occasions. Therefore, it is compulsory for everyone to fulfil the norms of the society and try to look better and more fitted and if this best fitting has have been mixed with especial brands there, we will have an impressive conquering mixture for most situations. I, personally, believe that using the fascinating brand new and fashionable outfits is not only not an undesired habit, but rather also a pleasant behavior which every one/everyone, whether the user or the spectator, will prefer to have meet. Whereas this tendency must not shape a mandatory rule of the daily life‐style of ordinary people who which they have more serious expenditure such as medical expenses which they may not be able to cannot afford. In conclusion, although proceeding daily mode is not an improper manner especially for urban citizens, people must watch over and strike a balance in on their lives and abandon some of their unnecessary outgoes. Hosein Talebi. Ideas: ‐ Just a habit ‐ Affecting from surroundings, ads, people, common belief, etc. ‐ Good in first case and bad in second Time: 2 hours Dictionary: BABYLON Readings: 5 essays.

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In many countries schools have severe problems with student behavior. What do you think are the cause of this? What solutions can you suggest? The issue of students misbehaving more or less common in all society is one of the fundamental concerns in the education system. However, in figuring out the reasons considering role of educational system rules is more important than students' behaviors individually. School as the first experience of joining to society, meeting peers folks with by different manners and belongings, being named under the umbrella of a group so‐called student as well as facing rules, for sure reflects lots of problems. Because students are just confused about finding out their own way in this new situation, no matter which grade they are in, still they are reflecting on backscattering their way of growing up, so it is the responsibility of the education team to shape them, and teach learn them how they can come up with to the right conclusion in their conduct. Secondly, obliging obeying specific rules not only does is not works but also makes the situation worset, because it is far‐fetched for the from human nature. It is a the fact that a sense of victory mostly is achieved in the shape of rule breaking unfortunately, hence if students are guided in such a way that feel satisfied lead to be satisfy themselves in correct ways poor behaving will be disappear. Thirdly, rethinking educational system rules produces the best results best such as Finland which is 's one of the best countriesy in terms of students' educational progress.results way of working shows. Their setting up rules programs are limitless and changes due to students' reflection out terns. For instance, they came across the conclusion termination that it is better for teenagers to start school at mid day no matter that "an early bird catches the worm", and they perform better at this time of the day. All in all, figuring out students' behavior modifications' mostly lies in educational system rules rather than individuals' behaviors. It is crucial for every society to addressing its students' problems independently, although using other societies' society's conclusions works, it is not enough because of the great role of culture. 298 words

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Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced? Our communities are being transformed into a consumer society everyday more than before. This is mainly because, global economic situations have improved during the last decades and it has resulted resulting in more consumption and consequently production of ing more garbage. On the one hand, many countries have experienced sustainable economic growth, especially after the world war two, leading . It leads people to receive high wages compared with the past. As a result, they have been able to spend much money purchasing different products. On the other hand, thanks to improvements in/of technology, there have been a variety of more effective and productive methods to manufacture foods and goods cheaper than before. Although these are valued achievements and have engendered the prosperity into human society, these are not devoid of demerits including creating many landfills in the countryside. These days, countries are struggling to discover new approaches to deal with problems of increasing the amounts of trash. The best solution can be recycling, in which case these seemingly useless materials can return to production cycles in order to prevent the environment from being destroyed. Some countries like Japan have has invested in producing electricity with these waste materials. Another possible solution is encouraging people to buy a large amount of food commensurate with their needsed such that they need not throw away plenty of them due to becoming rotten or expired. This culture can be spread among people by the mass media and inform people about limited food resources. In conclusion, economic prosperity brings us a lot of positive progress, but some troubles have arisen, nevertheless. Fortunately, we have the chance to turn these problems into a golden opportunity like recycling our waste materials or producing energy by them.

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Women and men are commonly seen as having different strengths and weaknesses. Is it right to exclude male or female from certain professions because of their gender? Men and women commonly have different strengths and weaknesses. Because of that some people have different opinions about professions that would be done with men or women. Some of them say women must be employed as a housewife or in a special works, but for others the type of the gender is not as a factor in job selection. It seems that the second opinion is more reasonable, but it would be confined to cost optimization. Rationally it is recommended that job selection would be done upon the person's abilities and it isn't related to the gender specifications. For example, selection of an athlete who hasn't had hadn't have been any experience with on management can't be reasonable to be chosen as a mayor. Like this males and females in some occupations have very extreme wide weaknesses, so they can't have any success in that profession. A father can't make up for fitful the mother's kindness vacuum vacancies for a child, as an example. Any culture or and any country has have some exceptions in jobs for men and women, so that people are better off have more relaxation which is related to the gender specifications. But it isn't illegal for the opposite sex to be occupied in it. Overall,' job occupation mustn't be banned because of the gender for men and women, but success and cost optimization in some jobs are connected to the gender specifications, so. So in some jobs men are dominanted and in others are women. are outnumber.

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Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life. Which do you consider to be the major influence? There are lots of elements that mold individuals' characters for which many researches have been conducted/carry out, conduct, do, perform, pursue, undertake by educationalists globally. Some researchers maintain that our innate qualifications are of a greater influence rather than acquired ones, while others disagree with the above idea. Some believe that everybody was born with a unique instinct which not only might shape the general character and behavior, but also would lead them to a specific way of living and ultimately defined goals. That is to say, that acquiring skills or experiences could just accelerate trends of attributes' developments. For instance, we cannot change an introvert person into an extrovert one completely just by simple experiences, but they could be modified in the different environments, so it is obvious that even different numbers of people who have the same experiences might totally differ from each other. On the other hand, some psychologists maintain that each person was born with several different innate characteristics and those were nurtured with different experiences which would become their dominant dominate personality and behavior. They believe that mankind could also create new behavior by choosing different lifestyles. They cite a lot of examples of famous people who used to be addicted but and gave it up after they come up with new attitudes and find their way destructive. In stark contrast, we have examples of geniuses people who ruin their abilities without using their talents in the right ways. We could both changeing and createing desirable desire qualification in ourselves by being perseverantce in practicing and experiencing new performance. In conclusion, while some argue that talents might affect personality more widely than experiences, others think that experiences which we gain will gradually shape our personality. I, myself, believe that our instinctive abilities have a considerable impact upon our main characteristics; nevertheless our experiences could bring about much more effects on our daily lives which could reform people's attitude, behavior as well as personality.